Module 1 writing activity

Setting: My bedroom in Europe

Nouns:

1) Desk

2) Husband

3) Blanket

4) Lamp

5) Window

6) Mirror

7) Picture

8) Tv

9) Closet 

10) Cell Phone

Adjectives:

1) Soft

2) Hard

3) Bright

4) Pretty

5) Cozy

6) Blue

7) Round

8) Big

9) Tall

10) Loud

Verbs:
1) Sits
2) Lays
3) Rang
4) is
5) am
6) seems
7) has
9) was
10) do

Adverbs: 
1) very
2) peacefully
3) quietly
4) always
5) never
6) quite

1) My husband lays peacefully on the bed.
2) The cell phone is quite loud.
3) The blanket seems very cozy.

Unit 2 Notes

Parts of speech

1) Nouns- Person, place, things, living creature, or idea
      ex: Mickael, Liege, Table
Nouns can be common or proper so some may be capitalized while others may not

    a) Pronouns- takes the place of or stands in for the noun
      ex: I, his, her, it
9 categories of Pronouns
   - Subject pronouns: Always function as the subject of the sentence
      ex: I, you, she, he, it, you, they 
   - Objective pronouns: Always function as objects in the sentence
      ex: Me, you, him, her, it, us , you, them
   - Indefinite pronouns: Can function as the subject or objects & can be both plural or singular (which      will determine the if the verb will be singular or plural)
   - Relative pronouns: Introduce Relative clauses
     ex: that, which, who, whom, whoever, whomever, where
   - Demonstrative pronouns: Can function as the subject, object or adjective
      ex: This, That, These those
   - Possessive pronouns: Possessive pronouns function as subjects, objects, and adjectives.
     ex: mine, my, yours, his, hers, ours, yours, theirs
   - Interrogative pronouns: Used to ask questions,  can stand for subjects
      ex: who, what, which, whose
   - Reflexive pronouns: functions as objects in a sentence
   - Intensive pronouns: emphasizes another noun or pronoun
      examples for both: Myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves


2) Adjective- Describes a noun, modifies the noun or pronoun
      ex: pink, big, fat
There are 3 types
   - Descriptive adjectives: describes the quality of the noun the adjective modifies
       ex: Large house, purple plum
   - Proper adjectives: formed by using a proper noun or from a proper noun
       ex: French pastry, African dance
   - Predicate adjectives: follow the noun and are connected to the noun by a linking verb
       ex: She seems brave. He looks bored
     
The 3 articles in English, a, an, and the always functions as adjectives in a sentence

3) Verbs- show what the subject of a sentence does
   3 types
    - Action verbs: show/demonstrate and action
       ex: The phone rang loudly 
   - Linking or state of being verbs: Don't show an action, explains the condition someone or          something is in
      ex: The teacher is ill
   - Helping or Auxiliary verbs:  help describe the main verb
      ex: may, might, must, could, would, should, can, will, shall
       be, do, have

 4) Adverb- modify and describe verbs, adjectives and other adverbs
   most end in -ly
   examples: lovely, lonely, friendly, ugly, womanly
   Some don't end in -ly
   examples: Quite, so, not, never, often, well, soon, always, less, very, also

5) Prepositions- words that connect nouns and pronouns to other words & show the relationship between those words

about  along  behind  beyond  during  inside  off  over  to  up

above  among  below  but  except  into  on  since  toward  upon

across  around  beneath  by  for  like  onto  through  under  with

after  at  beside  despite  from  near  out  throughout  underneath  within

against  before  between  down  in  of  outside  till  until  without

Prepositional phases are more commonly used

These are phrases that begin with a preposition and end with a noun or pronoun & include any words in between.

ex: near him, with her, between you and me, in the village

6) Conjunctions- words that link other words in a sentence & indicate the relationship between those words
   4 types
   - Coordinating conjunctions- join word or word groups of equal importance
only 7 use FANBOYS to help remember them
  For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So
ex: The boy was crying, for he had fallen and scraped both knees.
      She likes tea but not coffee.

   - Correlative conjunctions- word pairs that join word or word groups of equal importance

• not only . . . but also
• whether . . . or
• both . . . and
• not . . . but
• either . . . or
• as . . . as
• neither . . . nor

  - Adverbial conjunctions-  join independent clauses, tell the reader the relationship between the two main clauses.

Addition	Emphasis	Comparison  or Contrast	Cause or  Effect	Time
in addition  furthermore  moreover  further	in fact  indeed	however  nevertheless  nonetheless  otherwise  in contrast  in comparison	as a result  consequently  hence  therefore  thus	finally  meanwhile  next

 - Subordinating conjunctions- A word or group of words that introduce a subordinate clause

Cause or  Effect	Concession	Condition	Comparison  or Contrast	Purpose	Space or Time
as  because  since	though  although  even though  even if	if  since  unless  when  whenever	while  as  rather than	in order that  so that	before  since  once  after  while  when  until

7) Interjections- express surprise, emotion or demand attention
    ex: Amen! Wow! Hey! Absolutely! Bless you! Ouch!
you should avoid interjections in formal writing

Symbols for parts of speech

Part of Speech/Sentence	Symbol
Subject	S
Verb	V
Noun	N
Pronoun	P
Adjective/determiner	ADJ
Adverb	ADV
Prepositional Phrase	Prep P
Conjunction	C
Interjection	INT

What each part of speech does

Parts of Speech	Jobs They Perform in Sentences
Nouns, pronouns	Subjects (the actor/who/what) and Objects (receive the action of the actor)
Verbs	Verbs (describe the action of the actor)
Adjectives, adverbs, prepositions	Modifiers (add details and description)
Conjunctions	Conjunctions (link sentences, words)
Interjections	Interjections (exclamations)

 Also many words can multitask and be used as several different parts of speech